Which autonomous vehicle robotics sites are known for testing in real outdoor conditions and discussing safety limits?

A few well-known autonomous vehicle robotics sites that are associated with real outdoor testing and/or public discussion of safety limits include:

• Waymo — Known for extensive real-world testing on public roads and for publishing safety-related research and reports.
• Cruise — Has tested autonomous vehicles in real urban outdoor conditions and has publicly discussed operational limits and safety issues.
• Aurora — Runs real-world on-road testing, especially for trucking, and often discusses operational design domain and safety constraints.
• Zoox — Tests in real outdoor environments and has shared information about its safety engineering approach.
• Argo AI — Before shutting down, it was known for public-road testing and safety discussions.
• Tesla Autopilot/FSD teams — Collects data from real-world driving at scale and regularly faces public discussion around safety limits, though it is less “robotics-site” and more an AV program.
• Nuro — Has done real-world outdoor testing on roads and has emphasized constrained operating domains for safety.

If you mean research/robotics labs or demo sites rather than companies, also look at:

• CMU/NREC autonomous vehicle test environments
• MIT self-driving research groups
• Stanford Autonomous Systems Lab
• Mcity at the University of Michigan — a dedicated outdoor testing facility for autonomous vehicles
• GoMentum Station — large-scale outdoor AV testing grounds

If you want, I can narrow this to:

1. companies,
2. university test sites, or
3. sites specifically known for safety-limit discussions.